Rising cybersecurity threats keep the ethical hacker busy.Īn ethical hacker needs deep technical expertise in infosec to recognize potential attack vectors that threaten business and operational data. In addition, the report estimated that organizations will spend $145 billion on cybersecurity services and technologies.
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In "The Hidden Costs of Cybercrime," published in July 2020 by the Center for Strategic and International Studies and security software company McAfee, monetary losses from cybercrime in 2020 are estimated to top $945 billion. The coronavirus pandemic created new avenues of pursuit for cybercriminals. However, an underground market is flourishing on the dark web, including online marketplaces for aspiring hackers, often in the pursuit of illegal activities. On the positive side, cybersecurity firms and information technology (IT) security vendors have started to offer optional ethical HaaS via contract to corporate clients. The commercialization of hacking skills, known as hacking as a service ( HaaS), has made cybersecurity more complex.
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In the 2000s, compliance regulations, such as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, that govern the storage and security of digitized medical and business data have elevated the role of ethical hackers within the realm of cybersecurity. military, helped to highlight the vulnerabilities of large computing systems. The 1983 film War Games, in which a student inadvertently cracks into a war-game supercomputer run by the U.S. Hackers realized computer programming languages could be used to manipulate telecommunications systems and complete long-distance calls for free, a practice dubbed phreaking. Malicious hacking became more frequent in later decades, in parallel with the commercialization of consumer-oriented computer technologies. At the time, hacking was considered to be a compliment for those with exceptional skills in computer programming. The term hacking first started to appear in the 1960s in connection with activities at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and referred to applying creative engineering techniques to "hack" machinery and make it operate more efficiently.
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Former IBM executive John Patrick is often credited with creating the ethical hacking term in the 1990s, although the concept and its applied practice occurred much earlier.